Preparation for an ultrasound can vary depending on the area being examined. For some exams, you may be asked to fast or drink water before the exam, while no preparation is necessary for others. Your healthcare provider will give you specific instructions.
HAVE QUESTIONS?
Frequently Asked Questions
It's understandable to have questions about the services we offer. Please review our FAQs below. If you still have questions, please reach out to us.
3D Mammograms
A 3D Mammogram is the starting point to determine your breast tissue density. If you have dense breast tissue, you will be notified if you could benefit from supplemental imaging such as a Breast Ultrasound.
Most women of average risk start annual mammography at age 40. Women of increased risk may be advised to start earlier based on their family history or personal risk factors.
Mammograms can detect small cancers before they can be felt at their earliest size when they are most treatable.
Most women do not find Mammograms painful. However, some women may experience more discomfort if they have fibrocystic breasts or during their menstrual cycle when the breasts are more sensitive.
Avoid applying deodorant because it can interfere with the examination. If you have menstrual cycles, try to time your exam at least 7 days after finishing your cycle (not during your cycle) to minimize breast tenderness.
Patients with a Diagnostic exam will receive results immediately after their examination. Screening Mammogram results are mailed to the patient. If you have a breast lump, focal pain, or discharge, your doctor may order a Diagnostic Mammogram and other imaging such as an Ultrasound. If you are called back for further evaluation after your Screening Mammogram for a ‘closer look’, this is also considered a Diagnostic Mammogram.
3D Screening Mammogram
A 3D Screening Mammography is “the big picture” while Diagnostic Mammography is “the detail”. A screening mammogram is a routine low-dose x-ray of the breasts performed to detect small abnormalities before they can be felt on an exam. A diagnostic mammogram is performed to evaluate a breast concern such as breast lump, discharge, pain, or to further characterize an abnormal area seen on a screening mammogram.
The mammography technologist will walk you through the process of what is needed to obtain the best images. The technologist will position each breast onto a rectangular curved paddle of the mammogram machine and apply gentle pressure to obtain the x-ray images. You will hold your breath for a few seconds for each view to avoid motion on the images. The technologist will provide instructions on how and when you will obtain your results.
Screening Mammograms are able to detect findings as small as grains of sand or subtle masses before they can be felt on palpation. The patterns of the mammogram abnormalities determine the degree of suspicion. Most abnormal findings on a screening mammogram prove to be benign (noncancerous) on additional mammogram views or ultrasound. Findings that are persistently suspicious on the additional evaluation are biopsied.
If you are called back for “a closer look at an area” after a 3D mammogram screening, remember that most findings on a mammogram prove to be benign after additional workup. Since all of The Women’s Imaging Centers are integrated, we can quickly and seamlessly complete your diagnostic imaging workup. An abnormal finding may be related to fibrocystic or hormonal changes of the breast.
Additional imaging may be recommended, including diagnostic mammography or medical diagnostic imaging, such as ultrasound. These radiology images help to further characterize an area on the screening mammogram to distinguish benign (noncancerous) findings from malignancy (cancer).
If you are called back for added imaging, you will be able to discuss your results with the radiologist. If there is still a question after the diagnostic breast imaging, the radiologist may recommend a minimally invasive breast biopsy. All of our minimally-invasive breast biopsies are performed in our Centers for your comfort and convenience. If a biopsy is indicated, then results will be available within two working days.
Your Care Team ensures the continuity of care from screening to diagnosis to treatment. If treatment for an atypical, precancerous, or cancer result is needed, we can perform any additional pretreatment imaging, such as MRI or needle localization, at The Women’s Imaging Center.
Our Care Team and navigator will coordinate your care with other specialists, including the radiologist, surgeon, or other specialists based on the recommendation of your referring clinician or within the continuity of care following the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines or the American Cancer Society (ACS) recommendations.
If you are in need of an emergency mammogram, do not hesitate to contact us as soon as possible so we can get you into one of our many locations in the Denver area.
Diagnostic Mammogram
To evaluate a breast concern such as breast lump, discharge, pain, or to further characterize an abnormal area seen on a screening mammogram.
A diagnostic mammogram is performed using low dose x-ray to evaluate a breast concern such as breast lump, discharge, pain, or to further characterize an abnormal area seen on a screening mammogram. The same mammogram machine is used for performing screening and diagnostic exams. The difference is the use of specialized compression paddles, magnification or different angles used for diagnostic exams to bring out characteristics of benign versus malignant tumors.
Ultrasounds
Ultrasound is a radiology imaging technology that uses sound waves to characterize lumps or masses in the breast. Sound waves are emitted from crystals in a hand-held wand called a transducer or probe. The sound waves reflected back are presented as images for interpretation by a specialized radiologist to distinguish various findings.
Ultrasound is used for a variety of diagnostic purposes, including monitoring the development of a fetus during pregnancy, detecting and diagnosing medical conditions affecting the liver, kidneys, and other internal organs, and evaluating blood flow to different parts of the body.
During an ultrasound, a special gel is applied to the skin over the area being examined. A handheld device called a transducer is then placed over the gel, emitting high-frequency sound waves that bounce off the body's internal structures. These sound waves are then converted into images that can be viewed on a monitor.
Breast Ultrasound
Ultrasound is a radiology imaging technology that uses sound waves to characterize masses versus cysts in the breast. Sound waves are emitted from crystals in a hand-held wand called a transducer or probe. The sound waves reflected back are presented as images for interpretation by a specialized radiologist to distinguish various findings. Many of the findings we see on a breast ultrasound are too small or too deep to be felt on examination. Some clinicians will recommend whole breast ultrasound to detect small lesions in the breast before they can be felt. This may be in addition or as a substitute for mammography.
A breast ultrasound may be performed after a screening mammogram to get a ‘closer look’ at a particular area. A breast ultrasound may also be performed to evaluate a specific breast complaint such as a lump or focal pain. The radiologist will interpret the results to determine if the finding is suspicious and needs a biopsy to conclude the final results.
It depends on the situation. If the radiologist finds a nodule or mass on the initial screening mammogram, then a breast ultrasound will be recommended to obtain a better view of the mass to help finalize the results. If there is a clearly benign finding such as a simple cysts, no follow will be required. If a potentially suspicious finding is discovered, a needle biopsy will be recommended.
Breast self-examination programs are important but alone cannot detect the smallest lesions. Of course, when your clinician finds a bump or a lump of some kind on a clinical exam, he/she will immediately refer the patient for a mammogram. Women with higher than average risk factors may seek additional supplemental imaging such as MRI for strong family history or a whole breast ultrasound for dense tissue.
For example, a well-circumscribed isoechoic oval nodule oriented parallel to the skin with a distinct lesion boundary is most likely to be a benign fibroadenoma. These mass characteristics would be categorized as BI-RADS 3: Probably Benign. On the other hand, an irregular spiculated hypoechoic mass taller than wide with posterior shadowing with surrounding echogenic halo is more likely to be malignant (cancer). This lesion would be categorized as BI-RADS 5 with the recommendation for breast biopsy.
If you are in need of an emergency breast ultrasound, we encourage you to contact us as soon as possible so we can see you at one of our many locations in the Denver area.
Thyroid Ultrasound
A doctor may order a thyroid ultrasound to evaluate any physical changes of the thyroid gland such as an enlargement or difficulty swallowing.
A thyroid ultrasound will show any masses or subtle changes in the thyroid gland that could be associated with benign (non-cancerous) versus malignant (cancerous) nodules. Most nodules of the thyroid are benign.
Depending on the size, shape, and characteristics of the nodule, a biopsy might be indicated called a Fine Needle Aspiration. Most nodules will require a follow-up ultrasound within a short interval versus a biopsy.
Under ultrasound guidance, a very small needle is introduced into the thyroid gland after numbing the area. It feels like a light pressure for a few minutes while obtaining the cells. The sample is then interpreted by the pathologist.
The blood test will interpret the function of the thyroid gland while the Ultrasound evaluates the anatomy.
The function of the thyroid can be assessed by measuring the specific hormones secreted by the thyroid gland called thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) or by measuring the feedback signal from the pituitary gland (the brain of the thyroid), called Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH).
Iodine is a necessary building block for the thyroid. Another substance produced by the gland called Calcitonin signals the correct amount of calcium in the blood and affects bone metabolism.
Hypothyroidism is when the thyroid gland doesn't make enough hormones. Many people with hypothyroidism may say, "I just can't lose weight even though I'm hardly eating anything," "I feel cold all the time," or "my hair is falling out, and my skin feels dry all the time." Unfortunately, diagnosing hypothyroidism is not as easy as just performing blood work because the body does everything possible to keep the hormones at a specific normal range in the bloodstream so that other organs can function properly. Therefore, thyroid function blood tests don't tell the whole story.
Additionally, many changes in thyroid function occur in our lives when other hormones are also changing, such as during pregnancy or menopause. Both women and men experience hormonal changes at about age 50. In women, we refer to this time as perimenopause, and in men, we refer to this time as "mano-pause." Many other hormonal changes also occur at this time so these changes may mask the complaints of fatigue or low libido from thyroid dysfunction.
Some people suffer from an overly active thyroid which produces too much hormone and affects the downstream organs. This condition is called hyperthyroidism. People affected by excess thyroid hormone production may present with cardiac palpitations, flushing, memory loss or mood disturbances, unexplained weight loss, difficulty regulating body temperature, and changes in vision or muscles of the eyes.
Pelvic Ultrasound
A Pelvic Ultrasound may be ordered by your physician to get a detailed look at the pelvic organs including the uterus, cervix, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. The bladder is also considered part of the pelvic space. Because ultrasound excels at evaluating organs that are fluid-filled, it excels at evaluating solid or fluid-filled organs but is not optimal for evaluating gas-filled organs such as the bowel.
The technologist or radiologist will be able to share the pelvic ultrasound results with you at the time of the study. Your clinician will receive those results within 24 hours, unless comparisons are required which may take longer. You will then follow up with your referring clinician regarding their care plan. The technologist and radiologist will not be able to prescribe any treatment - that is solely the responsibility of the referring clinician as they are the ones who determine any next steps.
A Pelvic Ultrasound is optimal to evaluate any solid or fluid-filled organs such as for finding uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts or endometrial (pelvic lining) problems like hyperplasia or polyps. Since ultrasound excels at seeing fluid, it is also used to evaluate for excess fluids in patients who complain of “bloating”.
A Pelvic Ultrasound cannot visualize gas-filled structures so lower abdominal pain that could be caused by small or large bowel problems cannot be determined by this technique. Very small structures such as fallopian tubes are typically seen by Pelvic Ultrasound unless there is excess water in the tubes called hydrosalpinx.
The ovaries naturally contain fluid called follicles or cysts. Follicle production is normal in all premenopausal women. Cysts, which are larger than follicles, also occur in some women. The persistence of complex-appearing ovarian cysts can suggest an abnormality that your gynecologist may want to follow up or evaluate further with laparoscopy. The ovaries cannot be biopsied externally like the cervix or endometrium because they are located within a larger peritoneal cavity. Therefore, pelvic ultrasound is vital in assessing whether further intervention is required. The ultrasound can provide your GYN with a detailed map before any intervention.
If you are in need of an emergency pelvic ultrasound, please reach out to us at (303) 321-2273. We have several locations in the Denver area where we can see you.
A pelvic ultrasound is a radiology imaging technology that uses sound waves to distinguish normal from abnormal tissues within organs. Sound waves emit from crystals in a hand-held wand called a transducer or probe, reflected back to produce images that a specialized radiologist uses to distinguish various findings. This radiology technology is also called a sonogram since it uses sound waves.
Abdominal Ultrasound
An Ultrasound of the abdomen may be ordered by your physician to get a detailed look at the abdominal organs, including the liver, gallbladder, pancreas, kidneys, and spleen. Although some gas-filled organs, including the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine, are considered part of the abdomen anatomically, Abdominal Ultrasound is not optimal to evaluate these organs. The vascular system is not functionally related to the abdominal organs; however, the abdominal aorta passes through the abdomen and is evaluated in Abdominal Ultrasound Imaging.
Ultrasound is ideal for obtaining images of fluid-filled organs. The gallbladder is the only purely fluid-filled organ in the abdomen. Your clinician will frequently order an abdominal ultrasound to get more information on the abdomen's solid organs, including the liver, kidneys, pancreas, and spleen. Some abdominal organs, such as the stomach and small and large bowels, are gas-filled, meaning an ultrasound will not be optimal to evaluate these organs.
Your clinician may only want to evaluate a single functional system within the intra-abdominal cavity. If you have frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs) or pelvic floor problems, an ultrasound may be limited to the urogenital system, called a renal or kidney and bladder ultrasound. The imaging evaluates the kidneys for masses, calcifications, or ureter obstruction called hydronephrosis.
The bladder is also evaluated, so it needs to be full at the start of the study. Your technologist may scan you first with a filled bladder, then ask you to empty your bladder and scan again. This quantitative evaluation of the bladder before and after emptying your bladder is called a Post Void Residual.
Ultrasound is the first-line imaging scan for detecting a focal enlargement of the abdominal aorta called an aneurysm. Calcification of the abdominal aorta can also be identified as a sign of atherosclerosis.
When a LFT is abnormal, an ultrasound can determine if the liver is inflamed or contains masses. Liver function tests are very sensitive to alcohol use and medications since the liver's primary function is to detoxify. The ultrasound imaging looks different for an enlarged, inflamed liver called hepatitis versus a shrunken liver with long-standing liver disease like cirrhosis.
MRI
An MRI may be ordered by your physician to get a more detailed look into the organ systems, most commonly used for the breasts, abdomen, pelvis, or joints. MRIs can be used either for early detection (such as breast cancer high-risk observation) or after a diagnosis has been established (such as to evaluate a joint after trauma) for physical therapy or surgical planning.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an imaging technology that uses magnets and radio waves to produce detailed 3-D Images of the body. These signals are then converted to images for the radiologist to interpret. That interpretation helps radiologists see the organ systems more clearly to answer clinical questions.
An MRI can help distinguish normal tissues from injured or pathologic ones. An MRI is also used as a diagnostic scan to find the reason for a complaint or symptom. For example, if you have pain in your back area, MRI is able to answer whether that symptom is coming from the vertebrae, the spaces in between them called discs or the nearby structures like the pancreas- all can produce similar symptoms but the treatment of these problems is very different.
MRIs generally produce more distinction of close tissue types than CT scans. MRI depends on the relaxation time differences between tissues taking advantage of our body’s high water content. MRI is not optimal though when organs are air-filled or moving. The greater resolution of MRI allows the identification of detail such as a fine tear in the meniscus of the knee while a CT scan can be used to identify subtle differences in contrasting tissues. For example, a thin-section CT scan of the lungs can produce great tissue distinction between the structures of the lung and the air-filled background. CT images are acquired very quickly in comparison to MRI images. Therefore, moving structures such as the lungs and bowel are better evaluated with CT imaging.
Both MRI and CT sometimes use an injection of a dye to make the different tissues stand out from one another. A very small tumor in the breast may be bright (enhanced) on an MRI as the dye shows the blood vessels coursing through the tumor to distinguish it from the adjacent normal tissue. CT scan may also take advantage of dye to make different processes stand out such as an infection (abscess) in the bowel. The indication for MRIs or CT scans depends on the tissue type or organ system to be evaluated and the question to be answered. One type of scan is not better than another. The MRI imaging may take 25 to 35 minutes depending on whether special imaging sequences are needed while CT scans may take 15 to 20 minutes without contract. The contrast dye may increase the exam time by 2 because imaging is done before and after contrast.
Breast MRI
One breast imaging examination is not better than the other. There are different types of imaging examinations performed for different indications. Mammograms are still considered the first line in breast imaging, and the MRI is a supplemental imaging scan for “high-risk imaging” or to evaluate the “extent of disease" after an abnormal breast biopsy.
Some women with a strong family history of breast cancer or other personal risk factors may be recommended to perform breast MRI on a regular basis to look for subtle vascular differences in the breast tissue that may represent early cancer.
Mammography can still detect some types of breast cancer that MRI can not detect so some women may need both. The American College of Radiology does not recommend MRI of the breast for women of average or low risk because of the chance of false alarms.
A Breast MRI is commonly performed to distinguish normal versus pathological tissues. In an asymptotic woman with a strong family history of breast cancer, a surveillance MRI may show subtle vascular changes in adjacent tissues that allows early cancer to stand out. In women with a recent abnormal breast biopsy for a precancerous or cancerous condition, MRI helps to eliminate other areas of concern or provide a map for the breast surgeon preoperatively. MRI of the breast can also be used as a diagnostic scan to find the reason for a persistent complaint as bloody nipple discharge that cannot be detected on diagnostic mammogram or ultrasound imaging.
The Women's Imaging Center Radiologist or your referring clinician will determine if this exam is the best one for you. Most MRIs require insurance authorization which we will obtain from your carrier. This process can take up to 72 working hours, but some insurance plans may take longer than others to approve the examination.
Breast MRIs require intravenous contrast to show subtle differences in tissue types so an IV will be inserted in the arm or hand. If you have never had an IV placed, it's a very tiny flexible catheter through which we inject the contrast agent (called Gadolinium). You lay comfortably on your abdomen and the padded breast coils are fitted around the breasts, and your MRI technologist checks your position and preliminary imaging before the administration of contrast. Both breasts are scanned at the same time.
The technologist then injects the contrast dye which is taken up differently in different types of tissues to different degrees. The coils are used to pick up the MRI signals. The signals are converted to images for the radiologists to interpret. There are often more than 1,000 images to review so the examination results are not immediately available.
The amount of time that an MRI takes depends on whether contrast dye needs to be administered or whether special imaging sequences are needed. Almost all breast MRI requires the use of intravenous contrast. However, if the MRI examination is ordered to evaluate breast implants alone (not the breast tissue), then contrast is not required. The usual time for MRI of the breasts for either indication takes approximately 35 minutes.
For preventative or screening MRI examinations, you will be notified by mail regarding your results with instructions of whether any follow up is indicated. We will coordinate that follow up through our office. Your referring clinician will also receive a copy of that report.
However, if the exam is performed for a diagnostic reason such as after an abnormal breast biopsy, your ordering clinician or surgeon receives that report. The clinician who will act on those results will discuss those results at your consultation.
Pelvic MRI
A Pelvic MRI may be ordered by your physician to get a detailed look at the pelvic organs, including the uterus, cervix, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. The bladder and rectum are also considered part of the pelvic space. MRI may help evaluate more closely complex ovarian cysts, endometriosis, or vascular uterine fibroids.
Your clinician may want to specifically evaluate the lining of the uterus (the endometrium) after an abnormal pelvic ultrasound or endometrial biopsy. Pelvic MRI is also used to evaluate pelvic floor prolapse or urinary incontinence. Sometimes a pelvic MRI is ordered to make a diagnosis for a symptom such as heavy menstrual bleeding or persistent cramping. This high-tech medical diagnostic radiology imaging can give a GYN or surgeon a more detailed map prior to anticipated surgery.
Before the MRI is performed, we may inject a contrast dye (called Gadolinium) into a vein in your arm. The contrast is taken up differently in different types of tissues to different degrees. You will be lying on your back on a comfortable table that moves into and out of the MRI machine. The magnet makes a loud clunky sound so the technologists will fit you with comfortable headphones and you may choose to listen to music through the headphone that makes the magnet sound indistinct. It is important not to move quickly or jerk during the exam because this may cause irregularities in the images from signals of the magnets moving.
Hundreds of images from the pelvic MRI in various sequences will be produced for each study that needs to be interpreted. Therefore, the results will not be immediately available. An MRI specialist or the patient navigator will call you regarding your results once the interpretation is complete.
If you have any prior examinations elsewhere, please let us know the location so that we can obtain these for faster comparison.
Spine MRI
A Spine MRI may be ordered by your physician to get a more detailed look at the spinal cord, vertebral bodies, discs, ligaments, and larger nerves. MRI may help determine the reason for spine pain, injury after trauma, or to diagnose tumors. A Spine MRI of the neck (cervical spine), mid-back (thoracic spine), or lower back (lumbar spine) can give a surgeon a more detailed map prior to anticipated surgery.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI for short) is an imaging technology that uses magnets and radio waves to produce detailed 3-D Imaging of the vertebrae, spinal cord, and associated anatomy. These signals are then converted to images for the radiologists to interpret. MRI is commonly performed to identify a reason for your symptoms.
Shoulder MRI
A Shoulder MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is an imaging technology that uses magnets and radio waves to produce detailed 3-D Imaging of the shoulder and joint. These signals are then converted to images for the radiologists to interpret.
MRI is commonly performed to distinguish normal tissues from injured or pathologic tissues. MRI is also used as a diagnostic scan to find the reason for a complaint or symptom. It is sometimes used to diagnose tumors.
You will be lying on your back on a comfortable table that moves into and out of the MRI machine. The magnet (within the MRI machine) makes a loud clunky sound. The technologists will fit you with comfortable headphones. You may choose to listen to music through headphones. It is important not to move quickly or jerk during the exam. Jerking may cause irregularities in the images from signals of the magnets moving.
An MRI of the shoulder is usually performed without the need for intravenous (IV) contrast dye. If your clinician is looking for a tumor, he or she may order a “contrast MRI." This means that the technologist will inject a dye into the vein in your arm. Tumors tend to be vascular, and the dye enhances (highlights or outlines) the tumor.
A shoulder MRI may be done to diagnose or monitor various shoulder conditions, including rotator cuff tears, labral tears, shoulder impingement syndrome, and arthritis.
A shoulder MRI is generally considered safe. However, it is important to inform your healthcare provider if you have any metal implants or devices in your body, as they can interfere with the imaging process.
There are generally no risks associated with a shoulder MRI, although some patients may experience claustrophobia or anxiety during the test. Additionally, the contrast material used in some MRIs may cause an allergic reaction in some patients.
Hip MRI
A Hip MRI is a radiology imaging examination used to diagnose a complaint or symptom. In Colorado’s active population, hip complaints are common from trauma, overuse, and arthritis. Your clinician may order an MRI to evaluate hip pain after sudden trauma like an accident or sports injury.
MRI is also used to evaluate long-standing complaints such as arthritis. The technology can evaluate fluid in the joint easily and even distinguish whether that fluid represents blood (called hemarthrosis) or inflammation (called bursitis).
You will be asked to complete the medical history of any underlying medical conditions. Please tell the scheduler and the technologist if you have any metal in your body such as metal fragments from trauma or surgery that may be an issue for the “magnetic pull” of the MRI.
Tell us if you have had any surgery or other procedures anywhere on your body, including your limbs, abdomen, brain, or heart.
If you have any implanted devices such as pacemakers, defibrillators, aneurysm clips, auditory hearing implants, neurotransmitters, internal wires or electrodes, implanted pumps or ports, surgical mesh, any coils, stents, or filters please tell your technologist before scheduling because an MRI may not be possible.
- Many cardiac pacemakers and defibrillators are not compatible with MRI. Some of the newer devices are, so it is important to know from your surgeon and the manufacturer what kind you have.
Some external body wear or designs such as body or face/ makeup tattooing, and permanent piercings may limit you from having the MRI. Current or prior metal workers may have small fragments in their eyes as an occupational hazard. You may be asked to have an x-ray prior to performing the MRI. Jewelry and piercings need to be taken out by you for your safety prior to the MRI exam.
Knee MRI
A Knee MRI is often used to find the reason for a complaint or symptom such as pain. For Colorado's active population, knee complaints are common from trauma or other causes. To examine fractured bones caused by trauma, radiologists use regular X-rays. Yet, the components within the joints and between the bones need MRI to look further. Common subtle injuries to the knee are meniscus, tendons, and ligament tears which are all best evaluated by MRI. However, sometimes an MRI only shows swelling of these soft tissue structures and not a tear. Ask your doctor to see if an MRI is the right imaging exam for you.
During a knee MRI, the patient lies on a table that slides into a tunnel-like machine. The machine creates a strong magnetic field and radio waves to produce detailed images of the knee. The procedure is painless, but patients may need to hold still for an extended period of time.
Knee MRI is generally considered safe and non-invasive. However, patients who have metal implants or devices, such as pacemakers, may not be able to undergo an MRI. Patients may also experience claustrophobia or anxiety during the procedure, but this can usually be managed with medication or relaxation techniques.
Brain MRI
A brain MRI is a diagnostic imaging test that uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed brain images. For the exam, you will lie on a movable table, which will slide into a large tube-like machine. The technician will position your head and make sure you are comfortable. Sometimes, a contrast material may be injected into a vein in your arm. This substance helps to highlight certain areas of the brain and can provide more detailed images. You must remain as still as possible during the scan to avoid blurring the images.
After the procedure, a radiologist will review the images to interpret the results and provide a diagnosis. It is important to note that an MRI is a painless and non-invasive procedure without exposure to ionizing radiation.
MRI is generally considered to be a safe procedure for brain imaging. MRI uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the brain. While the magnetic field is strong, it is not harmful to the body as long as appropriate safety precautions are taken, such as screening patients for metal implants or objects that may be affected by the magnetic field.
However, some people may not be able to undergo an MRI due to certain medical conditions or devices, such as pacemakers, which may be affected by the magnetic field. It is important to inform your healthcare provider of any medical conditions or devices you may have before undergoing an MRI
Brain MRIs can detect a wide range of brain conditions and abnormalities, including:
- Tumors: MRI can detect brain tumors, their size, location, and type.
- Stroke: MRI can help diagnose ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke by identifying areas of brain tissue that are damaged or not getting enough blood supply.
- Multiple Sclerosis (MS): MRI can detect the presence and extent of MS lesions in the brain and spinal cord.
- Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): MRI can reveal brain damage from a head injury, including bleeding, swelling, and contusions.
- Infections: MRI can detect brain infections, such as meningitis and encephalitis.
- Structural abnormalities: MRI can identify structural abnormalities in the brain, such as cysts, abnormalities in the blood vessels, and brain malformations.
- Neurodegenerative diseases: MRI can detect changes in the brain associated with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases.
- Hydrocephalus: MRI can detect the buildup of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, which can cause pressure on the brain and lead to symptoms such as headaches, nausea, and dizziness.
Abdominal MRI
Abdominal MRI is a non-invasive diagnostic imaging technique that uses a strong magnetic field, radio waves, and a computer to generate detailed images of the organs, tissues, and structures within the abdomen.
For the procedure, you will lie down on a table that slides into the MRI machine. In some cases, a contrast material may be used to enhance the visibility of certain organs or tissues. The contrast material is usually injected into a vein in your arm during the scan. During the scan, you will hear loud banging and clicking noises, which are normal. After the procedure, you can resume your normal activities immediately. Once the scan is complete, the radiologist will review the images, and your doctor will review the results of your abdominal MRI with you at a follow-up appointment.
An abdominal MRI scan can detect a wide range of conditions, including:
- Abdominal tumors, both benign and malignant, including liver tumors, pancreatic tumors, kidney tumors, and adrenal gland tumors
- Abdominal abscesses or collections of pus in the abdomen
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
Gallbladder disease, including gallstones, inflammation of the gallbladder, or tumors of the gallbladder - Kidney and bladder problems, including cysts, tumors, kidney stones, and bladder tumors
- Vascular abnormalities, such as aneurysms or blockages
- Liver disease, including cirrhosis, hepatitis, and fatty liver disease
- Pancreatic disease, including pancreatic cysts, tumors, and inflammation
- Pelvic abnormalities, including ovarian cysts, uterine fibroids, and prostate tumors
Abdominal MRI is generally considered safe, but there are some considerations to keep in mind.
MRI uses a powerful magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the inside of the body. Unlike X-rays and CT scans, MRI does not use ionizing radiation, which can be harmful at high doses. Instead, it uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves, considered safe for most people.
However, people with certain types of metal implants, such as pacemakers or aneurysm clips, may not be able to undergo an MRI due to the risk of the metal heating up or moving during the scan. Additionally, people with kidney problems may not be able to receive the contrast dye used in some MRI scans, as it can affect kidney function.
While MRI is generally considered safe, there is a small risk of side effects or complications. Some people may experience claustrophobia or anxiety during the scan, and there is a small risk of an allergic reaction to the contrast dye used in some scans.
Biopsy
A biopsy is a medical procedure in which a small piece of tissue or cells is removed from a person's body for examination under a microscope. A biopsy aims to help diagnose or rule out certain medical conditions, such as cancer or infections.
Biopsy results will take a few business days.
Biopsies are always considered a medical necessity and should be covered by any health insurance plan.
A biopsy can help diagnose cancer by determining whether cancerous cells are in the tissue sample. However, a biopsy alone typically cannot determine the stage of cancer.
The cancer stage refers to how much cancer has grown and spread within the body. Staging usually involves a combination of imaging tests, such as CT scans or MRIs, and other diagnostic procedures, such as biopsies of nearby lymph nodes.
In some cases, the type and grade of cancer determined by the biopsy can give clues about the stage. For example, certain types of cancer may be more likely to spread to nearby lymph nodes or other organs. However, staging usually requires more information than a biopsy alone can provide.
Once the cancer is staged, the treatment plan can be developed, and the prognosis or outlook for the patient can be determined. It's important to talk to your doctor about your biopsy results and any additional tests or procedures that may be needed to determine the stage of your cancer.
After a biopsy, there are certain activities and behaviors that you should avoid to minimize the risk of complications and promote proper healing:
- Do not remove the bandage or dressing covering the biopsy site until your doctor tells you it is safe.
Avoid strenuous activities, such as lifting heavy objects, for at least 24 to 48 hours after the biopsy to reduce the risk of bleeding or further tissue damage. - Avoid swimming or soaking in a bathtub or hot tub for at least 24 to 48 hours after the biopsy to reduce the risk of infection.
- Do not consume alcohol or take any blood-thinning medications or supplements for at least 24 to 48 hours after the biopsy unless your doctor specifically advises you to do so.
- Do not drive or operate heavy machinery if you are given sedatives or anesthesia during the biopsy. These can impair your coordination and reaction time.
- Do not hesitate to contact your doctor if you experience any unusual symptoms or complications after the biopsy, such as excessive bleeding, fever, severe pain, or signs of infection around the biopsy site.
Breast Ultrasound Biopsy
We may recommend a breast biopsy if an abnormality is detected during a mammogram, ultrasound, or clinical breast exam. A biopsy is used to determine if the abnormality is cancerous or benign.
During a breast ultrasound biopsy, a small tissue sample is removed from the breast using a needle guided by ultrasound during a breast ultrasound biopsy. The procedure typically takes about 30 to 60 minutes and is performed under local anesthesia.
We begin by cleaning and numbing the area with a local anesthetic. A small incision is made, and a biopsy needle is inserted into the breast tissue. The ultrasound helps determine the precise location of the abnormality. A small tissue sample is removed and sent to a laboratory for examination.
A breast ultrasound may be recommended after a mammogram if there are any suspicious findings on the mammogram that need further evaluation. A breast ultrasound can provide more detailed images of the breast tissue and help identify abnormalities that may require additional testing or treatment.
MRI-Guided Breast Biopsy
An MRI-guided breast biopsy is a minimally invasive procedure that uses MRI technology to guide the biopsy needle to obtain tissue samples from suspicious areas in the breast. The radiologist removes small tissue samples to be sent off for testing.
If a patient has breast implants, we can use a special technique to safely perform the biopsy without damaging the implant. Typically, this involves using a needle that is longer than normal to reach the tissue sample through the implant.
Studies have shown that the cancer detection rate with MRI-guided biopsy ranges from 10-50%.
The main difference between an MRI-guided breast biopsy and a breast stereotactic biopsy is the type of imaging used to guide the procedure. MRI-guided biopsy uses MRI technology to locate the suspicious area, while stereotactic biopsy uses mammography or X-ray imaging. Both biopsies are minimally invasive procedures used to obtain tissue samples from the breast for further analysis.
Claustrophobia, “a fear of being in closed or narrow spaces,” is not uncommon. The MRI used at The Women’s Imaging Center has an especially wide bore (opening), so much that you can barely touch the sides with your outstretched arms. The MRI machine is also shorter than most at hospitals since we perform dedicated MRIs of specific female systems like breasts, pelvis, and abdomen. The Espirit MRI is also called an “Open MRI Solution” by the manufacturer Siemens. You will lie comfortably on your abdomen with your breasts gently suspended with the excess room. Your head will be near the end of the magnet so you can see out. Your forehead rests on a special pad like a massage table with a mirror so you can see all around you. You will be talking with the MRI technologist during the entire exam, and she can make any adjustments to make you more comfortable. The great majority of the time, no premedication is needed. However, if you feel you simply cannot perform the MRI without sedation, then our physicians or yours can write oral anxiety medications that you will have to pick up and coordinate with the timing of your MRI exam under our advice. If you need to take these medications, you will need a driver; we are not permitted to let you drive yourself if you have taken any medications that may make you drowsy.
Yes, we recommend that you talk with your insurance provider before your MRI or MRI-Guided biopsy is scheduled to determine your financial responsibility with them based on your particular insurance plan. We will also talk with an authorizing partner of your insurance company to determine if authorization is indicated. Even if your insurance plan authorizes the exam, that doesn’t mean they will fully pay for the exam or biopsy. This depends on your deductible and your particular plan.
The Women’s Imaging Center has specialist staff dedicated to requesting this authorization from your insurance. If the insurance declines to authorize an exam, you have the right to contest this with an advocate at your insurance company. Remember that you can also pay out of pocket for any of your imaging exams here at The Women’s Imaging Center. All imaging studies at The Women’s Imaging Center are outpatient, independent of hospital charges or facility step-up fees, and therefore lower cost. We work hard to ensure that women have access to imaging services they need without cost being a barrier.
Ultrasound-Guided Thyroid Biopsy
Ultrasound-guided thyroid biopsy is a medical procedure that involves using ultrasound imaging to guide the insertion of a needle into the thyroid gland to obtain a tissue sample for examination.
During the procedure, the patient lies on their back. The skin over the thyroid gland is cleaned and a local anesthetic is injected to numb the area. The ultrasound probe is then placed on the neck to locate the nodule or abnormality to be biopsied. A thin needle is inserted through the skin and into the nodule, guided by the real-time ultrasound image on a screen. Once the needle is in the correct position, several samples of tissue are collected and sent to a laboratory for analysis.
Thyroid nodules are common, and most are benign. However, a small percentage of nodules may be cancerous, and it is important to evaluate them to determine the appropriate treatment.
Ultrasound-guided biopsy is a safe and effective way to diagnose thyroid cancer. The procedure is minimally invasive and can be performed in an outpatient setting. It typically takes less than 30 minutes to complete and has a low risk of complications.
If you have a suspicious thyroid nodule, your doctor may recommend an ultrasound-guided biopsy to determine whether it is cancerous. The biopsy results can help your doctor determine the best course of treatment for you.
Breast Stereotactic Biopsy
Breast Stereotactic Biopsy is a minimally invasive diagnostic procedure used to obtain a tissue sample from a suspicious area in the breast. It is usually recommended when an abnormality is seen on a mammogram or ultrasound and further investigation is needed to determine if it is cancerous.
During a Breast Stereotactic Biopsy, we ask the patient to lie on their stomach on a special table where the breast can be compressed and immobilized. Using low-dose mammography, we locate the area of concern. A small incision is made, and a needle is inserted into the breast to remove a tissue sample, which will be sent to a lab for analysis.
The Breast Stereotactic Biopsy looks for any abnormalities in the breast tissue that could indicate cancer, such as lumps, calcifications, or other changes.
The percentage of Breast Stereotactic Biopsies that show cancer varies depending on the individual case, the size and location of the suspicious area, and other factors. Studies have shown that between 20% and 30% of Breast Stereotactic Biopsies result in breast cancer diagnosis.
After a Breast Stereotactic Biopsy, patients may experience pain, swelling, or bruising in the breast area. These symptoms usually go away within a few days to a week. Patients can usually resume their normal activities within a day or two of the procedure, but should avoid any heavy lifting or strenuous exercise for a week or two. It is important to follow the doctor's instructions for aftercare to ensure proper healing.
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